Simple “Give and Take” Economic Theories and Concepts

From: Judy Miriga

Good People,

In Economics, the commercial balance or net exports of a country varies between the monetary value of exports and imports on the total output of economic GDP report over a certain period, measured in the currency of that economy…….in the relationship between a nation’s imports and exports.

The balance of trade is sometimes divided into both goods and services recorded as factsheet for the GDP (Gross Domestic Product.

Measuring the balance of trade can be problematic where actual supporting information of products are missing and does not reflect true recording of collection of data.

The discipline within the social sciences harmonizes smooth business exchange capacity of cooperation from the public sector to the Political negotiations that facilitates Government Management implementation, which having been undertaken between the international relations according to the constitutional order, the economy is fed positively both sides of the negotiating table, and in the course of times, the economy is provided with a booster to reinforce diversity, innovation, growth and expansion.

For any sustained and progressive business success that commands huge sums of money, there is need for a wider consultative professional input with a good comprehensive organizational development plan for a balanced economic standing. This is when the Government system is able to function and fizzles down to form automation of a revolving supply and demand exchange process of goods and services and these can only be successful under a regulated policy guideline by a Democratic Governing system in the respective Government service departments where Finance department is mostly crucial. Consequently, a Budget cannot be completed without Finance Department following tenets of the constitutional order of public mandate.

Challenges:

A functioning good Democratic Government system produces good Development agenda that provide a balanced opportunity favorable to all and that are balanced and are able to produce good results.The system that works well produces good result that improves social welfare in a short period of time and is able to transform economic progress, social stability with political principle guidelines that are simple, easy to understand and are made available with ease to all without any discrimination.

An imbalances of trade emerges when there are abuses or under-table deals of natural resources, illegal land usage and where local farmers are stolen from their cattles or shortchanged in cash crops sale that are corruptly exported in exchange for money put in politically correct network (money dipped in politicians pockets); who through graft and impunity, facilitate the bilateral business where public interest are under-cut and short-changed without value for their value.

In this case, no clear records are documented in the Government Exchequer ……. In otherwords, exchange of public goods in Trading transaction are supplemented, for example, with Blood Diamond and Gold in Congo, Titanium from Kwale, Pirating, Poaching, offshoring, currency and money laundering, exportation of sand to China, fish and water from Migingo and where human rights are violated and abused etc., the irregularities practices in Port Shipping transactions charcols and wood from the forests with the evasion of paying taxes to the Government are such processes that creates the imbalances and where GDP recorded are not justified nor are they realistic.

It is here where Peoples Government is blocked, short-changed or denied to provide opportunities to benefit the people, and where a network of business community instead shadow the Government function-ability by the engineered political machinery of conflict of interest, becomes a problem and in the long run, business community have power and control over the People Government from rendering services fairly to the people. In other instances, tender processes are made so complex earmarked for Special Interest, and Government structures for public service delivery is made so opaque, with job creation and business inequity-gap growing wider, while corruption and impunity are given lifespan to continue to thrive endlessly.

Politicians without discipline fail to observe the law.They take public subsidy as personal, which then ‘disappears’ into private and personal accounts without trace……..private and individual sector corruption find its way into public amenities, bankrupt public co-operation into private and personal transfer takeover thus, stripping off public assets and this is entirely corruption with impunity.

For private financial equity taking control of such for example, Central Bank Services to benefit itself in the largest source of profit, is to invest in a liquid firm with good public assets, avoid paying taxes, take management service fees at commercial rates, drain it, indebt it and then exit leaving a weaker and unstable Central Bank Institution that must be sustained and stabilized by public taxpayer finances to shoulder the expenses in ways.

Corruption, impunity with failed governance have contributed to extreme poverty, Scramble to Africas’ Land Grabbing, genocide with atrocities and are therefore costing Africa billions that are unaccounted for and are the greatest obstacle to Africas development with foreign direct investment sustained Partnership needed to improve good standing cooperation with meeting challenges at the International Market Place favorably along with the rest of the world.

Accountability and Transparency:

The balance of payment records clearly must show, the international flow of goods and services and other net income received from foreign countries. The import and export of goods and services, income received from investments, payments for debt service and private and public net remittance and transfers must be tabulated on record in the Current Account.

The capital account must record the international transactions of financial asset with liquidation flows. There must be clear statement for direct foreign private investments, foreign loan received from private banks, the grants and loans received from foreign governments, the grants and loans received from international, multilateral institutions like World Bank are included in the capital account.

The value of visible imports must equal to the value of visible exports. This shows the position of balance of trade. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time. Therefore, GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income …….. say if a few group of people are wealthy, that does not determine the wealth of the Nation. It is as a matter of fact, the size of our debt compared to our income worth from business transaction exchange that form GDP value……… and in the case of corruption taking tall order, the country’s GDP is ripped off by the Special Interest network and the Nations value goes down.

In other words, all goods and services must correspond to the value of the total product and Supply and Demand, must equal to people’s total Income and expenditures in capacity of buying things against things sold to the people. This is what determines the principle of GDP………..

Cash received by the Government must be accounted for and clearly made to balance with items for exchange bilaterally where, it must show the net outflow of foreign reserve. The errors and omissions adjusted and the statistical discrepancies documented. A country receives international cash reserve in the following forms:-

i. Hard currency in the foreign currency received has time and again found its way in the foreign bank account of individual politicians.

ii. Gold, Diamond, Titanium, oil, fish, water, Agricultural produce, and land to include poaching, have fetched billions of dollars to Corporate Special Business Interest network, that are untaxed but instead of bringing value, it brought pain and suffering to Africa with backwardness failing development progressiveness instead.

iii. The deposit with International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank foreign exchange on loans failed to capture poverty elimination but instead enriched politically correct network corruptly.

iv. Innovation, Science and Technology

v. Security

Government Run through Proxy of Special Interest:

Special Business Interest fight proxy war for control of the Government against the people.Corrupt politicians engage in conflict of interest whereby public interest is undermined, swopped and are replaced by Special Interest translating public mandate Government service delivery to special interest instead.A proxy server from public service delivery is then made to render Government Services prioritizing Network of Corporate Business Interest, where under conflict of interest; politicians make uncensored deals with the Government employees substitute to exploit people’s vulnerability and security.

Under Proxy politics, public security and mandate are endangered, undermined and are replaced by those of special interest Ally correctness who confederate Government services to network of a small group of selfish greedy special interest. The proxy political arrangement engage in uncensored, unregulated illegal and corrupt business undertaking through evasion of taxes, segregation, marginalization, manipulation, intimidation and threats; engage in illegal occupation of land, illegal mining, illegal fishing, illegal use of the water tower and shipments, illegal agriculture and with secret drug manufacture; free importation, unchecked transportation, illegal possession and use of public wealth, incorrect use and distribution of certain public resources and substances without going through any concrete legislative regulated government measures.

Subsequently, in the event where People’s Government is compromised, it is held hostage anytime Special Interest is challenged in ways and means.Since they have created autonomy of power by proxy, they have made the Government a Special Interest preserve where, when it comes to matters of “The Budget” it is their way or the highway………In other words, the budget is made according the Special Interest prescribed proposal and not according to public mandate.Special Interest will fight tooth and nail to have their way ……..hoarding and taking more than they need from the Government……..(hoarding is a behavior associated with lack of organization and disorder to health risks, that impaired good functioning of a system and load economic burden that ultimately causes adverse effects on the stability of a Nation, the Community, friends, family members and consequently affects the whole world). and thereby deny fundamental basic rights of people to a point people would rather die and extinct than their comfort zone of ho
arding is tampered with or reasonably have Government functionability shared for common good of all.

Special Interest Control of the Government Institution:

A Nation is said to be Sovereign when it honors, values and respect principles of good Democratic Rule of Law and where service to people is the priority placed top on the agenda of governance.

In the same way, God gave man freedom, dominion, Institution of marriage and possession to own and control their bodies and commanded them to love, protect, preserve and multiply to replenish and subdue the earth.

Recognizing that, the people formed our government in democratic process by design to function and serve peoples interest in consultation, exchange and in mutual sharing, and by the people, people own the Government.The three elements thus, dominion, Institution and possession appear outstandingly very clear, the fundamentals that which constitute the very definition of sovereignty.

To undercut it by special interest proxy to serve a small minority of group and taking away survival and livelihood of many is in the same vein committing a serious crime an abomination of violation and abuse of human rights to live a just, peaceful, honorable and dignified life.Something must change or all are destined to lost leaving majority people more vulnerable, Susceptible and skeptical to living a life that are of meaning.

In Conclusion:

We cannot throw our hands up in despair and quit or we keep voicing our disapproval but fight to eliminate Corruption starting at the top where the whole of Africa is rife with corruption.

A sense of awareness demands that people must begin to demand their rights of good governance with concerted pressure from both the UN, World Bank and IMF demanding report; because, if policy are breached a culture of impunity spreads pretty quickly and peace is threatened, a position we have all found ourselves today.

If Africa is to be saved from this infection, the endemic presence of corruption and impunity must be dealt with by all people of the world united and the community supported to work to improve their lives by ways and means to create jobs and improve their Social Welfare Organization through Community Partnership Development Agenda.

Judy Miriga
Diaspora Spokesperson
Executive Director
Confederation Council Foundation for Africa Inc.,
USA
http://socioecnomicforum50.blogspot.com

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YAHWEH [ THE MAGIC BAND INTERNATIONAL ]

Published on Sep 20, 2013
PRAISE THE LORD

Voice of America (Washington, DC)
Africa: Survey Lists 55 Billionaires in Africa
By Peter Cox, 10 October 2013

Johannesburg — There are at least 55 billionaires on the African continent. That’s according to the Africa’s Richest survey from Venture Africa, an Africa-based business magazine.

There are 10 countries represented on the list, with Nigeria leading the way with 20 billionaires, South Africa with nine and Egypt with eight.

The combined wealth of Africa’s 55 billionaires is $143.88 billion, and the average wealth is $2.6 billion.

The richest man on the list is Aliko Dangote, whose investments in manufacturing three decades ago have grown into a $20.2 billion net worth. He is followed by South African investor Allan Gray and Nigerian oil and telecom businessman Mike Adenuga.

Of Nigeria’s billionaires, 13 have significant or total investments in the oil business, and mining is a sector tapped by many on the list across the continent.

The Venture Africa survey has more than triple the number of billionaires reported by previous lists. Forbes Magazine noted only 16 billionaires in Africa in late 2012.

Venture Africa’s Publisher Chi Chi Okonjo said his magazine’s Nigerian and South African base help with having more information than some lists – which is why his survey is more comprehensive.

“We know, because we have people on ground, some of these people are actually people we know personally,” Okonjo explained. “So we know their assets… .That’s the difference… .You really need to be on ground to know what’s happening. So we’re able to provide much more detailed information.”

His editorial staff calculated wealth through publicly held shares, privately held companies, investment bankers, financial analysts and other financial barometers.

Okonjo said Africans also tend to be quiet about their wealth.

“Wealth is still somewhat taboo in Africa. People prefer discuss what they are doing for their communities rather than how much money they have. It’s just a cultural thing,” he noted. “So people don’t like to discuss how much money they have or how much they’ve amassed.”