Date: Mon, 27 Apr 2009 11:19:13 +0200 [04/27/2009 04:19:13 AM CDT]
From: Paul Saoke
Subject: Brace for another serious global pandemic
Dear colleagues,
I received this from the International Society of Doctors for the Environment and felt it is important to share with you. Kindly note that there are two viruses attacking humans simultaneously – the Mexican one is a seasonal one while the Califronian one is new. The biggest problem is that the combined effect of both could be disastrous for humanity. Those interested in the details (which I think is very important for those who intend to run news on it) please read the PDF attachment.
Human Transmission of Swine H1N1
http://www.recombinomics.com/whats_new.html
“This virus is different, very different from that circulating in pigs **. That was a red flag” Finelli told WebMD and several other news organizations.
“The other red flag is both cases appeared almost simultaneously, 100 miles apart.
The above comments leave little doubt that the H1N1 swine flu is being efficiently transmitted human to human in southern California. Moreover, family members had symtomps before and after the confirmed cases, indicating the H1N1 spread efficiently within each family The unique constellation of swine genes has not been reported previously and the two cases do not have swine contacts.
On April 17, 2009, CDC determined that two cases of febrile respiratory illness occurring in children who resided in adjacent counties in southern California were caused by infection with a swine influenza A (H1N1) virus.
The viruses from the two cases are closely related genetically, resistant to amantadine and rimantadine, and contain a unique combination of gene segments that previously has not been reported among swine or human influenza viruses in the United States or elsewhere. Neither child had contact with pigs; the source of the infection is unknown… Although this is not a new subtype of influenza A in humans, concern exists that this new strain of swine influenza A (H1N1) is substantially different from human influenza A (H1N1) viruses, that a large proportion of the popu-lation might be susceptible to infection, and that the seasonal influenza vaccine H1N1 strain might not provide protection.
[http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/wk/mm58d0421.pdf ]
The 1918 pandemic strain has polymorphism from swine and human H1N1 in all eight gene segments. Similar swapping of polymorphism in human co-infected with season and swine H1N1 can lead to rapid evolution. .
It is likely that there are swine flu cases in Mexico, and it is likely that the current influenza outbreak includes a high number of swine flu cases. There have been 20 fatalities due to atypical pneumonia, and cases have been unusually high for mid to late April. Samples have been sent to Canada for analysis, and the CDC said they were also investigating. However, there is little doubt that a high percentage of cases in Mexico are swine flu. School closings throughout southern Mexico, affecting millions of students were just announced. As flu season ends in the northern hemisphere, identifying swine flu cases should be easier.
However, the mild nature of the illness will likely lead to spread into the southern hemisphere increasing the frequency of co-infections with H1N1seasonal flu and acquisition of Tamiflu resistance (H274Y)
The CDC has promptly released the HA (EPI176470), NA(EPI176472), and M(EPI176471) gene sequences of A/California/04/2009 from 10M (at GISAID). These sequences confirm that the NA and M genes have a Eurasian swine origin, while the HA sequences is North American swine. The presence of S31N in the M gene, which is common in European swine, confers resistance to amantadine and rimantadine. Release of the sequences from the other isolate would be useful to determine how long these viruses have been in human populations.
triple reassortant subtype H1N1 viruses are not new: please see the attachment too:
Newman AP, Reisdorf E, Beinemann J, Uyeki TM, Balish A, Shu B, Lindstrom S, Achenbach J, Smith C, Davis JP. Human case of swine influenza A (H1N1) triple reassortant virus infection, Wisconsin. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Sep;14(9):1470-2]
Surveillance data suggest that triple reassortant subtype H1N1 viruses are the predominant genotype of subtype H1N1 viruses in North American pigs .. Persons having direct contact with swine are at greatest risk of infection with swine influenza viruses but such contact is not documented in all cases Human-to human transmission of swine influenza virus is rare, but evidence suggests that it has occurred.. Human illness caused by infection with swine infl uenza viruses is often indistinguishable clinically from infections caused by other influenza viruses complications, including pneumonia and death, have been documented.. Asymptomatic infections in humans caused by swine influenza viruses may occur and therefore, the true frequency of swine-to-human infl uenza virus transmissionis unknown ]
read or d/l .pdf document Influenza_virus.pdf
http://blog.jaluo.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/29/Influenza_virus.pdf